Aztlán: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen

(Die Seite wurde neu angelegt: '''Diese Seite ist noch in Arbeit!''' thumb|'''Abb. 1''' Darstellung der Flucht von Aztlán aus dem Codex Boturini aus dem 16. Jahrhundert ([[D...)
 
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Der Atlantiforscher und Alternativhistoriker [[Gene D. Matlock]] (siehe: [[Mexiko, Atlantis und die alten Inder]] von [[Gene D. Matlock]]).
 
Der Atlantiforscher und Alternativhistoriker [[Gene D. Matlock]] (siehe: [[Mexiko, Atlantis und die alten Inder]] von [[Gene D. Matlock]]).
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'''Legende'''
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Nahuatl legends relate that seven tribes lived in Chicomoztoc, or "the place of the seven caves." Each cave represented a different Nahua group: the Xochimilca, Tlahuica, Acolhua, Tlaxcalan, Tepaneca, Chalca, and Mexica. Because of a common linguistic origin, those groups also are called "Nahuatlaca" (Nahua people). These tribes subsequently left the caves and settled "near" Aztlán, or Aztatlan.
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The various descriptions of Aztlán are seemingly contradictory. While some legends describe Aztlán as a paradise, the Aubin Codex says that the Aztecs were subject to a tyrannical elite called the Azteca Chicomoztoca. Guided by their priest, the Aztec fled, and on the road, their god Huitzilopochtli forbade them to call themselves Azteca, telling them that they should be known as Mexica. Ironically, scholars of the 19th century—in particular, William H. Prescott—would name them "Aztec".
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The role of Aztlán is slightly less important to Aztec legendary histories than the migration to Tenochtitlán itself. According to the legend, the southward migration began on May 24, 1064 CE, 1064 also the year of a volcanic explosion at Sunset Crater in Arizona, and the first Aztec solar year beginning on May 24, after the Crab Nebula events from May to July of 1054. Each of the seven groups is credited with founding a different major city-state in Central Mexico. The city-states reputed to have an Aztec foundation were:
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* Tepaneca (now Azcapotzalco, a delegación of the Mexican Federal District), and
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* Matlatzinca (whose language was Otomian and not of the Uto-Aztecan family).
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These city-states formed during the Late Postclassic period of Mesoamerican chronology (ca. 1300–1521 CE).
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According to Aztec legends the Mexica were the last tribe to emigrate. When they arrived at their ancestral homeland, the present-day Valley of Mexico, all available land had been taken, and they were forced to squat on the edge of Lake Texcoco.
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After the Spanish conquest of Mexico, the story of Aztlán gained importance and was reported by Fray Diego Durán in 1581 and others to be a kind of Eden-like paradise, free of disease and death, which existed somewhere in the far north. These stories helped fuel Spanish expeditions to what is now the American state of California.
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Version vom 2. August 2009, 23:54 Uhr

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Abb. 1 Darstellung der Flucht von Aztlán aus dem Codex Boturini aus dem 16. Jahrhundert

(red) In der Mythologie der mittelamerikaniischen Azteken ist Aztlán der legendäre Ursprungsort ihres Volkes, der einst bei einer gewaltigen Katastrophe untergegangen sei. (Abb. 1) Von dort aus sollen die Überlebenden unter dem Geleit ihres Gottes Huitzilopochtli zum Texcoco-See in Mexiko ausgewandert sein, wo sie sich niederließen und ihre neue Hauptstadt Tenochtitlán gründeten.


Etymologie

Das Wort Aztlán stammt aus der Nahuatl-Sprache, aber die Schreibweise ist dem Spanischen entlehnt. Seine Bedeutung ist, im Gegensatz zu vielen anderen Ortsnamen des Nahuatl-Idioms, unklar und umstritten. Im allgemeinen wird sie mit "Insel im See" oder "Weißer Ort" umschrieben, oder aber der Begriff wird mit "Land der Reiher" bzw. "Nahe den Kranichen" - von: (azta[tl] = weißer Vogel, Reiher oder Kranich) + (-tlan = Ortssuffix, auf oder bei) - übersetzt.

Konventionelle Sprachforscher halten diese übersetzung jedoch für unzutreffend: Sie "würde nur für einen Ort Aztatlan gelten. Für den Namen Aztlan (die Betonung liegt im Nahuatl auf der ersten Silbe) ist bisher in der Azteken-Schrift kein Zeichen identifiziert worden. Das Ortszeichen, das sich im Codex Boturini und einigen anderen Aztekencodices für Aztlan findet, lässt sich hingegen nicht erklären." [1] Der Náhuatl-Begriff "Aztek" bedeutet jedenfalls "jemand, der aus Aztlán kommt". [2] Die Azteken wären demnach "Das Volk von/aus Aztlán".

Der Atlantiforscher und Alternativhistoriker Gene D. Matlock (siehe: Mexiko, Atlantis und die alten Inder von Gene D. Matlock).


Legende

Nahuatl legends relate that seven tribes lived in Chicomoztoc, or "the place of the seven caves." Each cave represented a different Nahua group: the Xochimilca, Tlahuica, Acolhua, Tlaxcalan, Tepaneca, Chalca, and Mexica. Because of a common linguistic origin, those groups also are called "Nahuatlaca" (Nahua people). These tribes subsequently left the caves and settled "near" Aztlán, or Aztatlan.

The various descriptions of Aztlán are seemingly contradictory. While some legends describe Aztlán as a paradise, the Aubin Codex says that the Aztecs were subject to a tyrannical elite called the Azteca Chicomoztoca. Guided by their priest, the Aztec fled, and on the road, their god Huitzilopochtli forbade them to call themselves Azteca, telling them that they should be known as Mexica. Ironically, scholars of the 19th century—in particular, William H. Prescott—would name them "Aztec".

The role of Aztlán is slightly less important to Aztec legendary histories than the migration to Tenochtitlán itself. According to the legend, the southward migration began on May 24, 1064 CE, 1064 also the year of a volcanic explosion at Sunset Crater in Arizona, and the first Aztec solar year beginning on May 24, after the Crab Nebula events from May to July of 1054. Each of the seven groups is credited with founding a different major city-state in Central Mexico. The city-states reputed to have an Aztec foundation were:

  • Tepaneca (now Azcapotzalco, a delegación of the Mexican Federal District), and
  • Matlatzinca (whose language was Otomian and not of the Uto-Aztecan family).

These city-states formed during the Late Postclassic period of Mesoamerican chronology (ca. 1300–1521 CE).

According to Aztec legends the Mexica were the last tribe to emigrate. When they arrived at their ancestral homeland, the present-day Valley of Mexico, all available land had been taken, and they were forced to squat on the edge of Lake Texcoco.

After the Spanish conquest of Mexico, the story of Aztlán gained importance and was reported by Fray Diego Durán in 1581 and others to be a kind of Eden-like paradise, free of disease and death, which existed somewhere in the far north. These stories helped fuel Spanish expeditions to what is now the American state of California.


Konventionelle Lokalisierungen

Während es sich nach Ansicht eines Teils der Altamerikanisten bei Aztlán um einen , haben auch Historiker und Archäologen immer wieder versucht,


Fehler beim Erstellen des Vorschaubildes: Datei fehlt
Abb. 2 Einige Historiker, Archäologen und Anthropologen nehmen an, dass Mexcaltitan (eine Insel im Bundesstaat Nayarit, Mexiko) das historische Aztlan sei.


Atlantologische Interpretationsansätze


In the mid-19th century, fringe theorist Ignatius L. Donnelly, in his book Atlantis: The Antediluvian World, sought to establish a connection between Aztlán and the fabled "lost continent" of Atlantis of Greek mythology; Donnelly's views, however, have never been recognised as credible by mainstream scholarship.


Anmerkungen und Quellen

Verwendetes Material

Mexiko-Lexikon, Stichwort: Aztlán

IndianerWiki, Stichwort: Aztekeken

Mythen-Wiki, Stichwort: Aztlán

Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre, Stichwort: Aztlán

Wikipedia - Die freie Enzyklopädie, Stichwort: Aztlán

Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia, Stichwort: Aztlán

Einzelnachweise

  1. Quelle: Wikipedia - Die freie Enzyklopädie, Stichwort: Aztlán
  2. Quelle: IndianerWiki, Stichwort: Aztekeken


Bild-Quellen

(1) Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia, Stichwort: Aztlán

(2) Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre, Stichwort: Aztlán